J. Instrument Transformers

1. Properties and Types

Identify properties, types, and applications ^{2, 3, 4}

• IEEE C57.13 IEEE Standard Requirements for Instrument Transformers ^3 4
• IEEE C37.110 Guide for the Application of Current Transformers Used for Protective Relaying Purposes ⁴
• Instrument Transformer Basic Technical Information and Application
• Current Transformer Basics: Understanding Ratio, Polarity, and Class
• The Basics of Instrument Transformers
• Current transformers
• Current and voltage transformers (CTs and VTs) as protection’s eyes and ears
• Instrument transformers (CTs, VTs) in the system
• Capacitive Voltage Transformers (CVT) For HV Measurements
• Current and voltage sensors as an alternative to traditional CTs and VTs
• Best Practices for Setting Transformer Differential Protection CT Compensation
• Coupling Capacitor Voltage Transformers (CCVTs)

2. Inspection and Test Procedures

Apply visual and mechanical inspections ^{2, 3, 4}

• Current Transformers A Forgotten Piece of the Relay System
• Current Transformer Grounding

Employ methods and procedures for electrical tests ^{2, 3, 4}

• 6 electrical tests for Current Transformers explained
• Back to the Basics: Current Transformer Testing
• Testing Potential Transformers

3. Interpretation of Test Results

Evaluate results of electrical tests ^{2, 3, 4}

• NETA-ATS 2017: Section 7.10 Instrument Transformers ^2 3 4
• NETA-MTS 2019: Section 7.10 Instrument Transformers ^2 3 4
• Inspection and Test procedures for Instrument Transformers
• Apparent Burden

Last Update: Feb 02, 2025